Today, June 16th, is Bloomsday.
Question. What is Bloomsday?
Do you know the answer?
No brownie points if you teach English or English literature and have links to Ireland.
One brownie point if you are not involved with teaching English or you are not on the stage, but have links to Ireland.
FOUR brownie points if you are none of the above.
Do let me know how many brownie points you won!
So I wrote this article in honour of this aforementioned Bloomsday.
Enjoy.
With
absolutely no humility I share a link to IrishCentral, an Irish American
publication on and off the web. The link is an edited version of this
blog posting.
https://www.irishcentral.com/opinion/others/james-joyce-trieste
Note: These photos added to the blog posting have absolutely nothing to do with James Joyce in Trieste, rather Hausfrau Róisín and Romeo H in Trieste. But hey, my blog my rules! Sometimes it is good to be the boss!
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From Canada to New Zealand, from Lithuania to Italy and many other
countries in between, Bloomsday will be celebrated on June 16th.
Just about the whole
world knows this date is set every year to commemorate the work of
Irish novelist James Joyce, recognised as one of the most important
writers of the 20th century, not just in Ireland but throughout the
world.
Joyce is associated
with Dublin, Paris and Zurich but for those among you whose Joycean
scholarship is a ´bit on the rusty side´, you may not be aware of
James Joyce´s very strong connections with the Italian city of
Trieste in northern Italy.
For starters James
Joyce´s novel Ulysses tells the story of one Leopold Bloom as he
goes about his life in Dublin on June 16th 1904. It
could be argued that the inspiration for Leopold Bloom may not have
been a Jewish man from Dublin at all, rather one Ettore Schmitz, a
Jewish paint seller from Trieste!
How Joyce ended up
in Trieste in 1904 is a story in itself. The family came to be in
Trieste through a series of non-connected events in which James Joyce
and the love of his life Nora Barnacle were ´collateral damage´ in
acts of subterfuge, swindling – and even espionage, none of which
was their own making.
This Roman arch dates from 1st A.D. And there it still stands being supported by the walls of an old restaurant on a hilly street in Trieste. Clearly we are not the only ones amazed by this wonderful edifice.
Mulling over old pictures of James Joyce in Trieste, he too stands in some pictures at this very spot.
However Joyce liked
Trieste so much, and indeed one could say Trieste liked James Joyce,
that the city was to be his home for 15 years.
After arriving in
Trieste he was hired to give English lessons to a young girl Letitza,
daughter of the aforementioned Ettore Schmitz.
In February 2000 the
young girl Letitza, by then a woman in her late sixties explained
that meeting James Joyce changed all their lives dramatically. And
that is by no means an exaggeration. Not only she, but her father
Ettore, and mother Livia became involved in the English lessons.
“At the very
first lesson, Joyce told us he was a writer”1
explained Ms. Schmitz. For her father that
was most significant, because Ettore Schmitz too was a writer; he
wrote under the pseudonym Italo Svevo. Alas his writings had up to
then been ignored by Italian readers and critics.
Now
however Mr. Schmitz worked up the courage to show his work to his
daughter´s English teacher. Joyce was impressed. He encouraged
Schmitz to send his work to English and French critics that he,
Joyce, knew. Then, Ms. Schmitz explained, James Joyce followed up by
writing to two of the French critics stating ´the only modern
Italian author who interests me is Italo Svevo.´
It worked! After years of rejection Italo Svevo became a literary
sensation. Even in Italy!
Time
proved Joyce´s opinion to be correct; Svevo´s
pioneering literary
works
are now
recognised as having
had
a profound influence on the
modernist writing movement
in Italy.
This
literary
support was happily
a two way street. For
example with
regard to
his
master work Ulysses
which
Joyce would later write in Paris. When
putting
the novel together
in
his own mind, for
the character of Leopold Bloom,
Joyce
would frequently ask Ettore Schmitz how he would respond to various
questions or to various situations, especially
with reference to the Jewish faith.
Letitza Schmitz
again
observed
that her
father was
aware from this constant questioning, which
did in ways
annoy
him,
that ´he was supplying material for a novel´
1
for
Joyce. Except
perhaps for Joyce himself, no
one could have imagined how huge a global influence this novel would
have.
The more alert
readers among you may note Ettore Schmitz´s wife was called Livia.
She is the self same Livia whose long reddish-blond tresses were
compared to the River Liffey and her name, Livia, became the Anna
Livia Plurabelle of Finnegan’s Wake. Joyce acknowledged these
connections in his letters more than once.
James Joyce put
value on the Schmitzs´ critique of his work; not long after meeting
them he would show them drafts of novels he was working on. Letitza
recalled that her mother was very moved by ´The Dead` from
Dubliners.
The Schmitz family
support for James Joyce was not only creative but financial too.
Neither Joyce nor Nora Barnacle were good money managers, a problem
further exacerbated by the writer´s inclination to heavy drinking.
Joyce called on Ettore for loans, as he did on many other of the
citizenry of Trieste.
The Triestinos
seemed to be tolerant, in my opinion, of the struggling Irish
novelist who was in a constant state of arrearage. He had after all
offered great support to a son of the city.
And more James Joyce
truly loved their city. So much so that he encouraged his siblings
to join him in Trieste. Three did. Two, Eileen and Stanislaus,
remained in the city. Their sister Eva got home sick and returned
to Dublin after a few years.
One cannot say which
part of the city of Trieste was associated with James Joyce, for he
is connected with the whole city! He frequently visited the city´s
theatres, the opera house, historical sites, churches, book shops,
taverns and coffee houses. As well as other ´less salubrious´
areas of the city. As well as enjoying walks by the sea and up in
the hills behind the city. Of the many literary cafés he
frequented, Caffè Stella Polare was a
favourite. He frequently visit the Greek Orthodox Church of Saint
Nicholas which has a spectacular view of the ocean.
Via San Nicolo
had a particular relevance for James Joyce.
Umberto Saba´s
bookshop "Libreria Antiquaria Umberto Saba"
www.libreriasaba.it
located on Via San Nicolo, was the literary and intellecutal centre
of Trieste. The book shop was favoured by Joyce, Italo Svevo and
other of the city´s literati. The bookshop, still in business, is
now located at No. 30 Via San Nicolo, the very same house in which
James Joyce lived for a time and where his son Giorgio was born. The
Berlitz School was located two doors away at No. 32. James Joyce
taught English there and as did his brother Stanislaus. James Joyce
also taught English at the University of Trieste.
Lest one thinks
these facts are known to me because I am one of those Joycean
scholars, that alas is not the case. On a visit to Trieste last week
which was more to do with viticulture than high culture, I
discovered these and many other facts about James Joyce´s life in
Trieste.
If Romeo H is not looking like a happy camper in this picture on the right. There is good reason!
We went out to sample the local cuisine. What we did not consider:
While Trieste is in Italy, it was part of the the Austro-Hungarian Empire for over three centuries.... And so the food there is more German i.e. sausages, cabbage, ham... EXACTLY like we would have in Germany!
I was taken by this
beautiful, cultured, gentle city. I was taken by how some 110 odd
years ago the Triestinos welcomed a native Irish man to their hearts,
recognised his talent and tolerated his failings.
I felt at ease
walking on the water front or through the same small streets or the
elegant plazas that James Joyce had traversed some 110 years
previously. It was always a delight to discover a statue of Joyce
en route to somewhere, or see a reference to him in word or picture
as I wandered about the city.
Whether for
viticulture, high culture or indeed no culture at all, Trieste is a
city worth visiting. And an easy city to be a tourist in, especially
if you are Irish! Indeed my German other-half observed that the
faces of Triestinos would positively light up when they discovered
that his wife was Irish.
True there are Covid
restrictions to travelling of course, in the not too distant future a
visit could be in the planning. While there, it is easy to comply
with Covid restrictions in the city.
We stayed at Hotel
James Joyce
Via dei Cavazzeni, 7
34121 Trieste
Italy
Tel +39 040 97 12 330
Fax +39 040 97 12
331
info@hoteljamesjoyce.com
Wild nights in Trieste!
And while I have no
shares in the hotel, I am happy to sing its praises. Because it was,
well just perfect: Located in the old city, with easy access to
public parking nearby. (Prepare to pay about €15.00 for 24 hours.)
Rooms without breakfast run about €70.00 for two. The hotel is
located in a building from the late 1700s, so there is a nice
´old´feel to it. Although it is right in the centre of all the
buzz of the old city, our room was very quite. A bijoux of a hotel;
it was clean, cool and comfortable - and the shower and ´other
bathroom facilities´ had good pressure. And more the elevator
worked - all the time!
It
was very easy to keep Covid rule compliant in the hotel too as we
rarely saw anyone except the most helpful front desk staff who gave
us all the information and suggestions we needed while still being
Covid compliant. A special mention must be made of the charming Sara
who impressed us both with her big heart and her multi-lingual
skills.
(My
German other-half opined
I should add we
found out by chance,
that Andreas,
father of the aforementioned
Sara was
proprietor of
the
nearby Piccola
Vinera, which was
other
half´s very
favourite
hostelry in Trieste.)
Don´t you just love it in the picture above: Holy Mary looking after all that wine!!
And no this building
was never a former home for the Joyce family or some such, in fact it
has no direct link to James Joyce at all. But the management of the
hotel gave the hotel its moniker as a nod of respect to the Irish
novelist who choose to make Trieste his home.
The best way to enjoy a hot afternoon in Trieste. And no doubt many other places too!
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1James
Joyce A Portrait of The Artist in Trieste
ppwww.literarytraveler.com/articles/james-joyce-a-portrait-of-the-artist-in-trieste/
Francis McGovern, Linda McGovern co-founders,
founding editors and publishers at Literary Traveler.
Short
Film:
James Joyce's city of choice – Trieste:
https://www.dailymotion.com/video/x2of6n7